IMPLEMENTATION OF A MODEL FINGERPRINT AUTHENTICATION SECURITY DOOR CONTROLLED USING ARDUINO-BASED PROGRAMMING

Abstract

This communication presents the design, fabrication, and functionality assessment of a model fingerprint authentication security door system employing an Arduino-based microcontroller as the central control unit. The system integrates biometric sensing, microcontroller programming, and electromechanical actuation to enhance access control and physical security. A fingerprint module (Adafruit R307) was interfaced with an Arduino Uno R3, relay module, servo motor, 16×2 LCD, and buzzer to form a complete mechatronic security system. The door and frame were fabricated from three-quarter inch (¾") thick plywood to ensure structural stability, lightweight handling, and cost-effectiveness. Computer-Aided Design (CAD) modelling and simulation were performed using SolidWorks to verify mechanical alignment, motion constraints, and component integration before fabrication. Experimental evaluation showed that the system accurately identified registered users within 1–2 seconds, achieving an authentication success rate of approximately 98%. Experimental trials yielded an FRR (false rejection rate) of 2%, while Equal Error Rate (EER) is operationally less than 2%. The door operated automatically, opening upon valid fingerprint recognition and re-locking after a programmed delay of 5 seconds. Power analysis indicated low energy consumption, making the system suitable for battery-powered operation. Comparative assessment with similar works confirmed its reliability, responsiveness, and scalability for smart home and institutional applications. The developed prototype demonstrates how open-source microcontroller technology can be effectively adapted to biometric security systems. It reinforces the relevance of mechatronic system integration in modern access control design and provides a practical, low-cost solution for real-world security enhancement and educational demonstration.